The Impact of Different Shear Wall Structure Position on Symmetric and Unsymmetric Tall Buildings

Abstract

The shear wall is a structural component used to withstand lateral stresses. These walls will absorb shear stresses and avoid construction site relocation and subsequently devastation. For instance, if the shear walls are not constructed, we cannot expect the structure to exhibit acceptable tensional behavior. The contribution of the remaining structural elements to the bending moment, shear force, torsion, and axial force, as well as the final design of all structural components, are also impacted by shear wall. Over the last two decades, there has been an almost exponential increase in the building of towering skyscrapers above 150 meters in height. Numerous identical buildings have been constructed across the Middle East and Asia, and many more are now being planned or constructed. Buildings taller than 300 meters provide significant engineering challenges, particularly in terms of structural and geotechnical design. Wind analysis is crucial for tall constructions. Numerous studies have explored the structural behavior of tall buildings with SSI by considering a range of criteria, including foundation type, soil conditions, lateral loads. The current study presents G+18-story rectangular building and a asymmetric building with a 3 m floor-to-floor height was evaluated in ETABS in zone III. The structure\'s resistance to static and dynamic wind and seismic forces has been studied using shear walls in various locations, such as without shear walls, shear walls in the outer center, and shear walls at the corners. The results obtained are compared in the form of storey drift, joint displacement and storey drift. The research indicates that the shear wall at outer Centre with firm soil has the best response compared to without shear wall and shear wall at corner condition for symmetrical building. And for asymmetrical building shear wall at corner condition has best response compared to without shear wall and shear wall at outer centre condition.

Introduction

I. INTRODUCTION

A. Tall Buildings

The last two decades have seen a remarkable increase in construction of tall buildings in excess of 150m in height, and an almost exponential rate of growth. A significant number of these buildings have been constructed in the Middle East and Asia, and many more are either planned or already under construction. “Super-tall” buildings in excess of 300m in height are presenting new challenges to engineers, particularly in relation to structural and geotechnical design. Wind analysis is important in case of tall buildings.

Figure 1 shows the significant growth in the number of such buildings either constructed.Many of the traditional design methods cannot be applied with any confidence since they require extrapolation well beyond the realms of prior experience, and accordingly, structural and geotechnical designers are being forced to utilize more sophisticated methods of analysis and design. In particular, geotechnical engineers involved in the design of foundations for super-tall buildings are increasingly leaving behind empirical methods and are employing state-of-the art methods.

The investigations have been carried out by many researchers on the structural behaviour of tall buildings with SSI by considering many parameters like foundation type, soil conditions, lateral forces, ratio of flexural stiffness of beam and column etc. Very few investigations have been carried out on soil-structure interaction of tall buildings under clayey soil conditions, particularly in Indian seismic zones.

There are a number of characteristics of tall buildings that can have a significant influence on foundation design, including the following:

1. The building weight increases non-linearly with increasing height, and thus the vertical load to be supported by the foundation, can be substantial.
2. High-rise buildings are often surrounded by low-rise podium structures which are subjected to much smaller loadings. Thus, differential settlements between the high and low-rise portions need to be controlled.
3. The lateral forces imposed by wind loading, and the consequent moments on the foundation system, can be very high. These moments can impose increased vertical loads on the foundation, especially on the outer piles within the foundation system.
4. The wind-induced lateral loads and moments are cyclic in nature. Thus, consideration needs to be given to the influence of cyclic vertical and lateral loading on the foundation system, as cyclic loading has the potential to degrade foundation capacity and cause increased settlements.

B. Typical High-Rise Foundation Settlements

Before discussing details of the foundation process, it may be useful to review the settlement performance of some high-rise buildings in order to gain some appreciation of the settlements that might be expected from two foundation types founded on various deposits. Table 1.1summarizes details of the foundation settlements of some tall structures founded on raft or piled raft foundations. The average foundation width in these cases ranges from about 40m to100m. The results are presented in terms of the settlement per unit applied pressure, and it can be seen that this value decreases as the stiffness of the founding material increases. Some of the buildings supported by piled rafts in stiff Frankfurt clay have settled more than100mm, and despite this apparently excessive settlement, the performance of the structures appears to be quite satisfactory. It may therefore be concluded that the tolerable settlement for tall structures can be well in excess of the conventional design values of 50-65mm. Amore critical issue for such structures may be overall tilt, and differential settlement between the high-rise and low-rise portions of a project.

Table 1: Examples of Settlement of Tall Structure Foundations

C. Shear Wall

The lateral forces due to wind and earthquake are generally resisted by the use of shear wall system, which is one of the most efficient methods of maintaining the lateral stability of tall buildings. In practice, shear walls are provided in most of the commercial and residential buildings up to thirty storeys beyond which tubular structures are recommended. Shear walls may be provided in one plane or in both planes. The typical shear wall system with shear walls located in both the planes and subjected to lateral loads.

The shear walls are expected to resist large lateral loads (due to earthquake or wind) that may strike “in-plane” and “out-of- plane” to the wall. The in-plane shear resistance of the shear wall can be estimated by subjecting the wall to the lateral loads.

Sometimes, shear walls are pierced with openings to fulfill the functional as well as architectural requirements of buildings. The structural response of shear wall may be influenced by the presence of openings, depending upon their sizes and their positions. The present study aims to accomplish this task by investigating the different position of shear walls.

The extensive literature review was carried out by referring standard journals, reference books, I.S. codes and conference proceeding. The major work carried out by different researchers is summarized below.

Dr.P.A.Krishnan, Anjaly Francis, V.N.Pradeep, In this study, an analysis of a twenty story building, irregular in plan, in zone IV is performed by changing the location of the shear wall and the effects of the parameters like story drift and displacement are determined using standard package ETABS. Four different models have been considered and analysis is performed using time history analysis method, by considering different earthquakes.

P. Mary Williams* and R. K. Tripathi, The study concludes that provision of a box type shear wall at the core gives the best behavior but it is not desired from architectural point of view. Hence shear wall on the outer edges is more advisable to improve the behavior of asymmetric buildings. The location of shear wall do not have significant effect on the nonlinear behavior except that the position of hinges vary. Novelty: The study of effect of shear wall location in eccentrically loaded structures, especially its nonlinear behaviour gives a more precise idea on provision of shear wall.

K. Vishnu Haritha, Dr.I. Yamini Srivalli , Effect of Wind on Tall Building Frames-Influence of Aspect Ratio In this paper equivalent static method is used for analysis of wind loads on buildings with different aspect ratios. The aspect ratio can be varied by changing number of bays. Aspect ratio 1, 2, 3 were considered for present study. The analysis is carried out using ETAB

B. Dean Kumar and B.L.P. Swami Wind effects on tall building frames-influence of dynamic parameters In this paper the present work, the Gust Effectiveness Factor Method is used, which is more realistic particularly for computing the wind loads on flexible tall slender structures and tall building towers. In this paper frames of different heights are analyzed and studied.

SangtianiSuraj, Simon Modeling of spray droplets deformation and breakup In this paper an attempt was made to compare the Performance of the three Structural Systems in all four earthquake zones Base shear, time period, top story displacement, story Drift, seismic weight of structure, and results were compared to arrive the foremost economical structure in a specific Earthquake Zone for a particular plan.

Jadhav A. A., dr. Kulkarni, S. K. Galatage A. A. Comparison of effect of Earthquake and Wind loads on performance of RC framed shear wall building with its different orientation Jadhav A. A., dr. Kulkarni, S. K. Galatage A. A. [10] In this paper a studytherefore main objective is to determine the position of shear walls in multi-storey building. An earthquake load is applied to a building of twenty sixth storied located in zone iii. The analysis is performed using etabs software.

II. METHODOLOGY

Following is flowchart of work for Project: -

The aim is to investigate behavior of tall buildings of rectangular form and asymmetrical type for different position of shear wall subjected to wind force and seismic forces.

A study involving dynamic effect of wind load on RC buildings and study the behavior of the buildings.

III. PROBLEM STATEMENT

In this project, a G+18-storey structure of a rectangular building and a asymmetrical building with 3 m floor to floor height has been analysed Non-Linear Dynamic Analysis of Multi-storey R.C.C Buildings using Etabs software in zones III. The structure has been analysed for both static and dynamic wind and earthquake forces. The building has been studied for without shear wall, shear wall at corner and shear wall at outer centre condition.  

A. Model Description For Analysis

Preliminary data required for Analysis

References

[1] K. Vishnu Haritha ,Dr.I. Yamini Srivalli (2013)“ Effect of Wind on Tall Building Frames Influence of Aspect Ratio” [2] B. Dean Kumar and B.L.P. Swami (2010) “Wind effects on tall building frames-influence of dynamic parameters” [3] Yin Zhou and Ahsan Kareem (1999) “Gust loading factors for design applications” [4] Wakchaure M. R., GawaliSayali (2015)“Effects of Shape on Wind Forces of High Rise Buildings Using Gust Factor Approach” [5] Mohammed Asim Ahmed, Moid Amir, SavitaKomur, VaijainathHalhalli (2015) “Effect of wind load on tall buildings in different terrain category” [6] Pahwa Sumit P, Devkinandan Prajapati, Utkarsh Jain (2017) “A Study of 30-Storey Dual System Building with Different Soil Conditions” [7] SangtianiSuraj, Simon J (2017) “Performance of tall buildings under Lateral loads with different type of Structural systems” [8] Umamaheshwara. B, Nagarajan.P (2016) “Design Optimization and Analysis of Shear Wall in High Rise Buildings Using ETABS” [9] Susheel S M, Sanjith J, Vidyashree B S , Ranjith A (2016) “Analysis of tall building in chikkamagaluru region” [10] M.Mallikarjun, Dr P V Surya Prakash (2016) “Analysis and design of a multi storied residential building of by using most economical column method” [11] Jadhav A. A., dr. Kulkarni, S. K. Galatage A. A. (2016) “Comparison of the effect of earthquake and wind loads on the performance of rc framed shear wall building with its different orientation” [12] K. Rama Raju, M.I. Shereef, Nagesh R Iyer, S. Gopalakrishnan (2013) “Analysis and design of rc tall building subjected to Wind and earthquake loads” [13] SinglaSarita, KaurTaranjeet, KalraMegha and Sharma Sanket (2012) “Behaviour of R.C.C. Tall Buildings Having Different Shapes Subjected to Wind Load” [14] Mohammad Jafari, Alice Alipour, (2021) “Methodologies to mitigate wind-induced vibration of tall buildings: A state-of-the-art review” [15] VahidMohseniana, Ali Nikkhooa, FarzadHejazi, (2019) “An investigation into the effect of soil-foundation interaction on the seismic performance of tunnel-form buildings” [16] Mohammed Elwi, BassmanMuhammed and Nada Alhussiny, (2018) “Evaluation of soil-structure interaction for structures subjected to earthquake loading with different types of foundation” [17] Ketan Bajaj, Jitesh T Chavda, Bhavik M Vyas (2013) “Seismic Behaviour Of Buildings On Different Types Of Soil” [18] Amer Hassan, Shilpa Pal, (2018) “Effect of soil condition on seismic response of isolated base buildings” [19] M Roopa, H. G. Naikar, Dr. D. S. Prakash, (2015) “Soil Structure Interaction Analysis on a RC Building with Raft foundation under Clayey Soil Condition” [20] J. A. Knappett, P. Madden and K. Caucis, (2015) “Seismic structure soil structure interaction between pairs of adjacent building structures”

Copyright

Copyright © 2023 Mahesh Rameshrao More , Ajinkyaraj Shivaji Bhumare , Sadhu Bajirao Nagargoje. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.